美國意象派運動的主要詩人 Williams(1883–1963)揭示的詩觀說：縱使【詩】帶給世界最大的福旨，在於【揭示隱晦與神聖之臨在】，而其仍將不知所云。
Even though the greatest boon a poet grants the world is to reveal that secret and sacred presence, they will not know what he is talking about.
【註】presence 臨在；指兩獨立存在之物，某種程度的互相滲透。
【註】boon:something that is very helpful and improves the quality of life.
就像Paterson這部電影，一部【意象】風格鮮明，談詩、賞詩、如詩般的電影告訴我們：平淡中散發著幸福，如詩，無所不在！以【如詩般簡潔精準】的電影。如詩般簡潔精準地傳達：詩，無所不在！已能傳達Williams和導演以及Paterson的創作內涵和意旨，可為Paterson的做簡潔的蓋括，而，縱使不知所云，仍無妨其成為一首好詩。因為詩(或藝術創作)的作品，皆普遍對不同的對象而呈現特定獨立的存在。讀者、觀眾就是用個人的觀點去感受便是。
Paterson以詩入鏡，嘗試用電影寫詩引導觀眾領略一則平淡生活中隨手可得的詩，無處不在，存乎一心。 Poetry in the days, in the movies and everywhere in between. 而觀眾則以個人獨特的領略、體驗指涉和節奏，透過電影融入一段意象簡潔獨到，而韻味十足的Paterson詩選。感受一如清水流淌，微風拂面。
Paterson 是個小鎮，是個人物，是本書，也是一首詩，2016年Paterson還是一部電影。
先來認識意象派和被尊其代表人物之一的William Carlos Williams (Paterson這本詩書的作者)這個人。
節錄Wiki 意象主義，關於【意象】與【意象派】
- 拒絕接受這種多愁善感和漫無邊際的風格。
- 提倡回歸一種類似古典派的標準，例如提倡語言的直白簡練，採用非傳統的詩歌形式。意象派詩人採用自由詩體。
- 意象主義以「閃閃發亮的細節」表現物體。
- 語言簡練，清晰，少辭藻。直接，清晰，不過多修飾，這些正是意象派詩作的典型特徵。
- 複雜理智與情感瞬間的總和表現。
- 意象派，不僅僅關心圖像的展現，也注重展現手法，無關乎主題。
以上述意象派詩作的典型特徵，來描述Paterson一片也已十分傳神:-))
Paterson以意象鮮明的風格，讓觀眾看到的就是如詩一般 crisp and precise地描述Paterson這個小鎮、這個主角和平淡生活中散發著幸福的意象。這部賞詩、如詩般的電影告訴我們：詩，無所不在！Paterson，就是！
THE IMAGIST MOVEMENT (意象派運動) IN ENGLISH LITERATURE
【wiki】Imagism was a movement in early 20th-century Anglo-American poetry that favored precision of imagery and clear, sharp language. 意象主義是發生於20世紀初提倡在英裔美國人詩歌中使用精準的意象和清晰、犀利的語言的運動。
The romantic elements inpoetry were replaced by crisp and precise language.
The imagist movement in English poetry marked the beginning of a simple and precise poetic style which focused on describing images with crisp language and great focus. It started in the early 1900s when the old ways of writing poetry were abandoned and the modernist movement in poetry was started. The imagist movement is basically a subset of modernism which keeps its focus on deftly described images and does not waste time on talking about the themes behind the images- instead; they allowed the image to speak for itself.
再來，再認識一下Paterson，這個地方和這個人後，就能進入一部電影和一首詩。
Williams的詩以日常生活和人類的本能為題材，作品會根據內心的衝動追蹤日常事物中特別陌生的一面。常帶給人一種「錯愕」且轉瞬即逝的鮮明風格。。缺少主旨的創作，既不為了誠實的記錄，也不為了揭露真相，也不為怪而搞怪。
威廉斯也喜歡呈現日常事物的陌生面，日常事物的用途正是生活常識的基礎，但威廉斯拒絕這些常識，他更喜歡利用自己的本能來捕捉它們，發掘其陌生的一面，這一面自然就是其「無用」或「被遺棄」的那一面。
William Carlos Williams, 1883 - 1963 ，Williams的 詩作
威廉斯從早年起就致力於從美國社會與文化的大熔爐中汲取生動鮮活的俗語，以此將現代詩歌從在他看來僵化老舊的英式/歐洲文化中解放出來。在這樣的理念指引下，威廉斯創造了一種清新獨特的美式詩歌形式，主題通常圍繞日常生活中的情境以及普通人的生活。正如他的詩句所言：”因為在更光鮮的事物中少有聖潔可以找到”。 另一方面，他的用語雖然極簡、平凡，但卻是作者細膩敏銳的情感體察與跳躍性哲思的極度濃縮；他同樣用詩句表達了自己的目標：”寫出一首詩/你能讀得懂/….但要費些勁--”。他的詩也因此成為了簡單與深度的奇妙統一體。
威廉斯從早年起就致力於從美國社會與文化的大熔爐中汲取生動鮮活的俗語，以此將現代詩歌從在他看來僵化老舊的英式/歐洲文化中解放出來。在這樣的理念指引下，威廉斯創造了一種清新獨特的美式詩歌形式，主題通常圍繞日常生活中的情境以及普通人的生活。正如他的詩句所言：”因為在更光鮮的事物中少有聖潔可以找到”。 另一方面，他的用語雖然極簡、平凡，但卻是作者細膩敏銳的情感體察與跳躍性哲思的極度濃縮；他同樣用詩句表達了自己的目標：”寫出一首詩/你能讀得懂/….但要費些勁--”。他的詩也因此成為了簡單與深度的奇妙統一體。(博客來)
以Paterson做為一首詩而言，for the poet there are no ideas but in things. 他(自己)就是一首詩，沒有想法！！！
That is why I started to write Paterson: a man is indeed a city, and for the poet there are no ideas but in things.
But the critics would have it that I, the fecting to write poems in their very zeal as all depends on what you call profound. For I acknowledge it would, in dealing with man and city, require one to go to some depth in the form for the purpose.
The thinkers, the scholars, thereupon propound questions upon the nature of verse, answering themselves or at least creating tension between thoughts. They think, and to think, they believe, is to be profound. A curious idea, if what they think is profitable to their thinking they are rewarded — as thinkers.
But who, if he chose, could not touch the bottom of thought? The poet does not, however, permit himself to go beyond the thought to be discovered in the context of that with which he is dealing: no ideas but in things. The poet thinks with his poem, in that lies his thought, and that in itself is the profundity. The thought is Paterson, to be discovered there.
Therefore the thinker tries to capture the poem for his purpose, using his "thought" as the net to put his thoughts into. Absurd. They are not profound enough to discover that by this they commit a philosophic solecism. They have jumped the track, slipped out of category; no matter what the thought or the value, the poem will be bad, to make a pigeon roar.
.....
Paterson is a long poem in four parts — that a man in himself is a city, beginning, seeking v achieving and con- cluding his life in ways which the various aspects of a city may embody— if imaginatively conceived — any city, all the details of which may be made to voice his most intimate convictions. Part One introduces the elemental character of the place. The Second Part comprises the modern replicas. Three will seek a language to make them vocal, and Four, the river below the falls, will be remi- niscent ofepisodes — all that any one man may achieve in a lifetime. (連結)
談完內容和意象之後，接著來看電影的呈現：畫面和音效以及演員.....(to be continued...)。
看這部電影時，應當是導演有相當功力，和用了相當功夫處理好畫面和節奏，使整體觀感洋溢著詩意，而不是枯燥煩悶。
本文未盡，不妨帶著讀詩的心境，去看看這部【如詩般精準簡潔地揭露隱晦和神聖的臨在，而仍必不知所云】的《派特森》吧！
《派特森》官方中文HD預告｜賈木許導演生涯集大成鉅作
2017高登電影獎風向球【外語電影音樂或喜劇類】
最佳影片
最佳導演－吉姆賈木許（Jim Jarmusch）
最佳原著劇本－吉姆賈木許（Jim Jarmusch）
最佳男主角－亞當崔佛（Adam Driver）
最佳女配角－格洛詩菲法拉哈尼（Golshifteh Farahani）
Paterson - 電影中的詩，All Best Poems
詩人 Ron Padgett為Paterson寫的4首詩
Paterson中出現的詩
[Love Poem]
We have plenty of matches in our house
We keep them on hand always
Currently our favourite brand
Is Ohio Blue Tip
Though we used to prefer Diamond Brand
That was before we discovered
Ohio Blue Tip matches
They are excellently packaged
Sturdy little boxes
With dark and light blue and white labels
With words lettered
In the shape of a megaphone
As if to say even louder to the world
Here is the most beautiful match in the world
It's one-and-a-half-inch soft pine stem
Capped by a grainy dark purple head
So sober and furious and stubbornly ready
To burst into flame
Lighting, perhaps the cigarette of the woman you love
For the first time
And it was never really the same after that
All this will we give you
That is what you gave me
I become the cigarette and you the match
Or I the match and you the cigarette
Blazing with kisses that smoulder towards heaven
[Another One]
When you're a child you learn there are three dimensions
Height, width and depth
Like a shoebox
Then later you hear there's a fourth dimension
Time
Hmm
Then some say there can be five, six, seven…
I knock off work
Have a beer at the bar
I look down at the glass and feel glad
[Glow]
When I wake up earlier than you,
and you are turned
to face me,
face on the pillow
and hair spread around,
I take a chance and stare at you,
amazed in love and afraid
that you might open your eyes
and have the daylights scared out of you.
But maybe with the daylights gone,
you'd see how much
my chest and head
implode for you,
their voices trapped inside like unborn children
fearing they will never see the light of day.
The opening in the wall
now dimly glows, it's rainy, blue and grey.
I tie my shoes and go downstairs
to put the coffee on.
[Water Falls]
Water falls from the bright air.
It falls like hair,
falling across a young girl's shoulders.
Water falls,
making pools in the asphalt,
dirty mirrors with clouds
and buildings inside.
It falls on the roof of my house.
It falls on my mother, and on my hair.
Most people call it rain.
[Poem]
I'm in the house
It's nice out
Warm
Sun on cold snow
First day of spring
Or last day of winter
My legs run up the stairs
And out the door
My top half here writing.
[The Run]
I go through trillions of molecules
that move aside
to make way for me,
while on both sides,
trillions more
stay where they are.
The windshield wiper blade
starts to squeak.
The rain has stopped.
I stop.
On the corner,
a boy in a yellow raincoat
holding his mother's hand.
[Pumpkin]
My little pumpkin,
I like to think about other girls sometimes,
but, the truth is
if you ever left me,
I'd tear my heart out
and never put it back.
There'll never be anyone like you.
How embarrassing.
[The Line]
There's an old song
my grandfather used to sing
that has the question,
"Or would you rather be a fish?"
In the same song
is the same question
but with a mule and a pig,
but the one I hear sometimes
in my head is the fish one.
Just that one line.
Would you rather be a fish?
As if the rest of the song
didn't have to be there.
最後，看完本片一問：開公車是你的生活嗎？還是寫詩？
A-ha !!
【出處】威廉·卡洛斯·威廉斯詩選 (博客來)
Full text of "Paterson - William Carlos Williams" - Internet Archive
A River of Words: the story of William Carlos Williams
(繁中版) 會唱詩的河：勇於追夢的詩人醫生
威廉·卡洛斯·威廉斯：用詩歌捕捉日常事物的無用面
The Imagist Movement in English Literature (pdf)
